"Low-temperature plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of silicon oxide films and fluorinated silicon oxide films using disilane as a silicon precursor," G.S. Lee and Juho Song. U.S. Pat. No. 5,660,895, Aug. 26, 1997.


"Negative resistance characteristics of Fe1+xV2-xO4 spinels," G.S. Lee, B.K. Sohn, and J.D. Lee, Journal of Korean Institute of Electronics, vol. 4, p. 25, 1977.

"Effects of heat treatment on Indium Antimonide thin film," G.S. Lee, Kyungpook Technical Journal, vol. 16, p. 121, 1979.

"Luminescence properties of InxGa1-xAs - GaAs strained layer superlattices," N.G. Anderson, W.D. Laidig, G.S. Lee, Y. Lo, and M. Ozturk, Materials Research Society Proceedings; Layered Structures and Epitaxy, edited by J.M. Gibson and L.R. Dawson, vol. 37, pp. 223 - 238, 1985.

"Growth of InAs1-xSbx (0<x<1) and InSb - InAsSb superlattices by molecular beam epitaxy," G.S. Lee, Y. Lo, Y.F. Lin, S.M. Bedair, and W.D. Laidig, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 47, p. 1219, 1985.

"Transverse junction stripe laser with a lateral heterobarrier by diffusion - enhanced disordering," R.M. Kolbas, Y.J. Yang, Y.C. Lo, G.S. Lee, and K.Y. Hsieh, (Abstract) IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol. ED-33, 1986.

"Room - Temperature Negative Differential Resistance in Strained Layer GaAs - AlGaAs - InGaAs Quantum Well Heterostructures," G.S. Lee, K.Y. Hsieh, and R.M. Kolbas, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 49, p. 1528, 1986.

"Transverse Junction Stripe Laser with a Lateral Heterobarrier by Diffusion Enhanced Alloy Disordering," Y.J. Yang, Y.C. Lo, G.S. Lee, K.Y. Hsieh, and R.M. Kolbas, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 49, p. 835, 1986.

"Negative Differential Resistance in a Strained - Layer Quantum Well Heterostructure with a Bound State," G.S. Lee, K.Y. Hsieh, and R.M. Kolbas, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 62, p. 3453, 1987.

"Negative Differential Resistance in InGaAs Strained Layer Heterostructures," G.S. Lee, K.Y. Hsieh, and R.M. Kolbas, Journal of Superlattices and Microstructures, vol. 4, p. 537, 1988.

"Mode Selection and Spatial Hole Burning Suppression of a Chirped Grating Distributed Feedback Laser," P. Zhou and G.S. Lee, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 56, p. 1400, 1990.

"Chirped Grating l/4 - Shifted Distributed Feedback Semiconductor lasers with Uniform Longitudinal Field Distribution," P. Zhou and G.S. Lee, Electronics Letters, vol. 26, p. 1660, 1990.

"Phase Shift Distributed Feedback Laser with Linearly Chirped Grating for Narrow Linewidth and High Power Operation," P. Zhou and G.S. Lee, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 58, p. 331, 1991.

"Mechanism of Phase Shifted Distributed Feedback Laser with Linearly Chirped Grating for Stable Mode Operation," P. Zhou and G.S. Lee, Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 70, p. 1902, 1991.

"Smooth Diamond Film Deposition by AC Discharge Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition," S.Y. Choi, C.J. Zhang and G.S. Lee, Thin Solid Films, vol. 206, p. 204, 1991.

"Band Structure of InAsSb Strained-Layer Superlattices", L. Liu, G.S. Lee, and A.H. Marshak, Journal of Applied Physics,  vol. 71, p. 1842, 1992.

"Robust Rim Phase Shifting Masks by Selective Diamond Deposition," G.S. Lee, C.J. Zhang, S.Y. Choi, and M. Feldman, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, vol. 10, p. 406, 1992.

"Characterization of Molecular Beam Epitaxially Grown InSb layers and diode structures," G.S. Lee, P.E. Thompson, J.L. Davis, J.P. Omaggio, and W.A. Schmidt, Solid State Electronics, vol. 36, p. 387, 1993.

"Band Discontinuities of Si/Ge Heterostructures", L. Liu, G.S. Lee, and A.H. Marshak, Solid State Electronics, vol. 37, p. 421, 1994.

"Low Temperature Plasma Enhanced CVD of Silicon Oxide Films using Si2H6 and N2O," Juho Song, G.S. Lee, and P.K. Ajmera, J. of Electronic Materials, vol. 24, p. 1507, 1995.

"Chemical and Electrical Characteristics of Low Temperature Plasma Enhanced CVD Silicon Oxide Films using Si2H6 and N2O," Juho Song, G.S. Lee, and P.K. Ajmera, Thin Solid Films, vol. 270, p. 512, 1995.

"Structural Properties of Low Temperature Plasma Enhanced Chemical vapor Deposited Silicon Oxide Films using Disilane and Nitrous Oxide," Juho Song and G.S. Lee, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 67, p. 2986, 1995.

"Effects of Native Oxide Removal from Silicon Substrate and Annealing on SiO2 Films Deposited at 120 ­oC by Plasma Enhanced Chemical vapor Deposition using Disilane and Nitrous Oxide," Juho Song, P.K. Ajmera, and G.S. Lee, Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B, vol. 14, p. 727, 1996.

"High Quality Fluorinated Silicon Oxide Films prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition at 120 oC," Juho Song, P.K. Ajmera, and G.S. Lee, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 69, p. 1876, 1996.

"Electrical Properties of PECVD Silicon Oxide Films Deposited at Room Temperatures," K. Kim, Y. Song, Juho Song, and G.S. Lee, Electronics Letters, vol. 32, p. 2015, 1996.

"Low Temperature Plasma Enhanced Chemical vapor Deposition of Fluorinated Silicon Oxide Films as an Interlayer Dielectric," Juho Song, P.K. Ajmera, and G.S. Lee, Journal of Vacuum Science of Technology B, vol. 15, p. 1843, 1997.

"Effect of Fluorine on Chemical and Electrical Properties of Room Temperature Oxide Films Prepared by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition," K. Kim, Juho Song, D. Kwon, and G.S. Lee, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 72, p. 1247, 1998.

"Characterization of Low Dielectric Constant PECVD Fluorinated Silicon Oxide Films as Intermetal Dielectric Materials," K. Kim, D. Kwon, G. Nallapati, and G.S. Lee, Journal of Vacuum Science of Technology A, vol. 16, p. 1509, 1998.

"Properties of Low Dielectric Constant Fluorinated SiO2 Films Prepared by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition," K.H. Kim, D. Kwon, and G.S. Lee, Thin Solid Films, vol. 332, p. 369, 1998.

"Thermal Stability of Sputtered Ta/PECVD SiOF Films for Intermetal Dielectric Application," K. Kim, S. Park, and G.S. Lee, Journal of Electrochemical Society, vol. 146, p. 3799, 1999.

“Indium Antimonide position and Infrared Detection,” Y.Y. Jin and G.S. Lee, Korean Society of Sensor, vol. 10, p. 244, 1999. (invited)

“A LIGA-like process for high-aspect-ratio PZT microstructures,” G.S. Lee, Y. Jin, S. Park, P. Ajmera, C. Khan Malek, J. Wang, and F. Tang, Proceedings of SPIE Smart Electronics and MEMS Conference, vol. 3673, pp. 127 – 132, 1999.

“Development of a High Reliability FET-Type Reference Electrode for FET-Type Electrolyte Sensors,” Y.C. Lee, Y.J. Kim, D.H. Kwon, H.I. Seo, G.S. Lee, and B.K. Sohn, Proceedings of the 4th East Asian Conf. on Chemical Sensors, pp. 403 – 407, 1999.

“Generation of Arbitrary Three Dimensional Surfaces by X-ray Lithography,” M. Feldman, G. S. Lee, and D. Noel, C. Khan Malek, and R. Bass, J. of Vacuum Science of Technology B, vol. 18, p. 2976, 2000.

“Preparation of low dielectric constant silicon containing fluorocarbon films by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition,” Y. Jin, K. Kim, and G.S. Lee, J. of Vacuum Science of Technology B, vol. 19, p. 314, 2001.

“Dielectric Properties of PMN-PT/Polyurethane 0-3 Composites,” S.H. Pyun, Y. Jin, and G.S. Lee, J. of Materials Science Letters, vol. 21, p. 243, 2002.

“Synthesis, Structure and Dielectric Characterization of Ln2Ti2-2xM2xO7 (Ln = Gd, Er; M = Zr, Sn, Si),” E.E. Erickson, D. Gray, K. Tayor, R.T. Macaluso, L.A. LeTard, G.S. Lee, and J.Y. Chan, Material Research Bulletin, vol. 37, p. 2077, 2002.

Piezoelectric Actuation and Micro-Domain Behaviors in the Monolithically Patterned PMN-PT Single Crystal,” B.M. Park, S.W. Ha, S.K. Yun, and G.S. Lee, Integrated Ferroelectrics, vol. 69, p. 193, 2004.

Piezoelectric Projective Displays,” B.M. Park, S.W. Ha, G.S. Lee, H.-Y. Wong, M. Feldman, and S.K. Yun, J. of Vacuum Science of Technology B, vol. 22, p. 3151, 2004.

“Carbon nanotube growth by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma CVD," J.-S. Lee, A. Chandrashekar, L. Overzet, and G.S. Lee, 2004 International Conference on Computers, Communications and Systems, Daegu, Korea, November 2004.

“Sub-micron Matallic Electrothermal Actuators,” J. of Micromechanics and Microengineering,  J.-S. Lee, D.S. Park, A.K. Nallani, G.S. Lee, and J.B. Lee, vol. 15, p. 322, 2005.

“Effects of Oxygen Plasma on Optical and Electrical Characteristics of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Grown on a Four-Probe Patterned Fe Layer,” J.-S. Lee, A. Chandrashekar, B.M. Park, L.J. Overzet, and G.S. Lee,  J. of Vacuum Science and Technology B, vol. 23, p. 1013, 2005.

“Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Deposition Growth of Fluorinated Amorphous Carbon Thin Films Using C4F8 and Si2H6/He for Low-Dielectric-Constant Intermetallic-Layer Dielectrics,”H. Kim, J. Shin, D. Kwon, H. Seo, and G.S. Lee,  Japanese J. of  Applied Physics, vol. 44, p. 4886, 2005.

“Surface modification of silicon containing fluorocarbon films prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition,” Y.Y. Jin, Y. Desta, Jost Goettert, G.S. Lee, and P.K. Ajmera, J. of Vacuum Science and Technology A, vol. 23, p. 666, 2005.

Ultralow-k silicon containing fluorocarbon films prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition,” Y.Y. Jin, P.K. Ajmera, G.S. Lee, and V. Singh,  J. of Electronic Materials, IEEE, vol. 34, p. 1193, 2005.

“Carbon nanotubes-based methanol sensor for fuel cell application,” D.W. Kim, J.S. Lee, G.S. Lee, L. J. Overzet, M. Kozlov, A.E. Aliev, Y.W. Park, and D.J. Yang, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., vol. 6, p. 1, 2006.

Chemical synthesis of PEDOT nanotubes,X. Zhang, J.S. Lee, G.S. Lee, D.K. Cha, M.J. Kim, and S.K. Manohar, Macromolecules, vol. 39, p. 470, 2006.

“Gas phase and sample characterization of carbon nanotube growth using an atmospheric pressure plasma,” A. Chandrashekar, J.S. Lee, G.S. Lee, M.J. Goeckner, and L.J. Overzet, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, vol. 24, p. 1812, 2006.


G.S. Lee, B.K. Sohn, and J.D. Lee, "Negative Resistance Characteristics of Fe1+xV2-xO4 Spinels," 1977 Institute of Electronics Conference, Changwon, Korea, July 1977.

N.G. Anderson, W.D. Laidig, G.S. Lee, Y. Lo, and M. Ozturk, "Luminescence Properties of InxGa1-xAs - GaAs Strained Layer Superlattices," 1984 December Material Research Society meeting, Boston, MA, November 1984.

G.S. Lee, Y. Lo, W.D. Laidig, and S.M. Bedair, "Growth of InAs1-xSbx (0<x<1) by Molecular Beam Epitaxy," 1985 Electronic Materials Conference, Boulder, CO, June 1985.

R.M. Kolbas, Y.J. Yang, Y.C. Lo, G.S. Lee, and K.Y. Hsieh, "Transverse Junction Stripe Laser with a Lateral Heterobarrier by Diffusion -Enhanced Disordering," 1986 Device Research Conference, Amherst, MA, June 1986.

G.S. Lee, K.Y. Hsieh, and R.M. Kolbas, "Negative Resistance in Strained Layer Double Barrier Heterostructures," 1987 International Conference on Superlattices, Microstructures and Microdevices, Chicago, IL, August 1987.

Ping Zhou and G.S. Lee, "Mode Behavior of Distributed Feedback Laser with Chirped Grating," IEEE Southeastcon' 90, New Orleans, LA, April 1990.

G.S. Lee, Golden Hwaung, and S.Y. Choi, "Diamond-like Carbon Films Grown by AC Glow Discharge Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition for X-ray Mask," 8th International Conference on Thin Films, San Diego, CA, April 1990.

G.S. Lee, Golden Hwaung, and S.Y. Choi, "Diamond Films Grown by AC Glow Discharge Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition," IEEE Southeastcon '90, New Orleans, LA, April 1990.

S.Y. Choi, C.J. Zhang and G.S. Lee, "Smooth Diamond Film Deposition by AC Discharge Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition," International Conference on Thin Films, San Diego, CA, April 1991.

Juho Song, G.S. Lee, and P. K. Ajmera, "Chemical and Electrical Characteristics of Low Temperature Plasma Enhanced CVD Silicon Oxide Films using Si2H6 and N2O," International Conference on Thin Films, San Diego, CA, April 1995.

K. Kim, Y. Song, Juho Song, and G.S. Lee, "Electrical Properties of Plasma Fluorinated Silicon Oxide Films Deposited at Room Temperature," 43rd National Symposium of American Vacuum Society, Philadelphia, PA, October 1996.

K.H. Kim, D.H. Kwon, G. Nallapati, and G.S. Lee, "Characterization of Low Dielectric Constant PECVD Fluorinated Silicon Dioxide Films as Intermetal Dielectric Layers," American Vacuum Society 44th National Symposium, San Jose, CA, October 1997.

K.H. Kim, D.H. Kwon, and G.S. Lee, "Properties of Low Dielectric Constant Fluorinated SiO2 Films Prepared by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition," 25th International Conference on Metallurgical Coatings and Thin Films, San Diego, CA, April 1998.

G.S. Lee, "Preparation of Low Temperature PECVD SiOF Film and its Integration Issues for Next Generation Devices," The fourth International Conference on Electronic Materials (invited), Cheju, Korea, August 1998.

K. Kim, S. Park, and G. S. Lee, "Thermal Stability of Sputtered Ta/PECVD SiOF Films for Intermetal Dielectric Application," 194th Annual meeting of the Electrochemical Society, Boston, MA, November 1998.

K. Kim, S. Park, and G. S. Lee, "Thermal Stability of MOCVD TiN/PECVD SiOF Interface for Cu Metallization," 45th National Symposium of the American Vacuum Society, Boltimore, MD, November 1998.

G. Lee, Y. Jin, S. Park, P. Ajmera, C. Khan Malek, J. Wang, and F. Tang, “A LIGA-like process for high-aspect-ratio PZT microstructures,” SPIE Smart Material Conference, Newport Beach, CA, March 1999.

Y. C. Lee, Y. J. Kim, D. H. Kwon, H. I. Seo, G. S. Lee, and B. K. Sohn, “Development of a High Reliability FET-Type Reference Electrode for FET-Type Electrolyte Sensors,” 4th East Asian Conf. On Chemical Sensors, Hsinchu, Taiwan, November 1999.

G. S. Lee, “Indium Antimonide position and Infrared Detection,” Korean Society of Sensor (invited), Pusan, Korea, November 1999.

M. Feldman, G. S. Lee, and D. Noel, C. Khan Malek, and R. Bass “generation of Arbitrary Three Dimensional Surfaces by X-ray Lithography,” EIPBN conference, Palm Springs, CA, May 2000.

Y. Jin, H. Kim, and G. S. Lee, "Process Characterization of Low Dielectric Constant Silicon Containing Fluorocarbon Films by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition," 48th National Symposium of the American Vacuum Society, San Francisco, CA, November 2001.

B. M. Park, Y. S. Seo, and G. S. Lee, “Screen Printing of PMN-PT Thick Films on the Pt-coated Silicon Wafers,” AVS 49th International Symposium, Denver, Colorado, November 4-8, 2002.

Y. Jin and G. S. Lee, “Mechanical and Optical properties of low dielectric constant silicon containing fluorocarbon PECVD,” AVS 49th International Symposium, Denver, Colorado, November 4-8, 2002.

B. M. Park, S. W. Ha, and G. S. Lee, "Thick Film Fabrication of Perovskite PMN-PT by Screen Printing" 105th Anual Meeting of the American Ceramic Society, Nashville, TN, April 27-30, 2003.

B.M. Park, S.W. Ha,  M. Feldman, H. Wong, and S.K. Yun, and G.S. Lee, “Piezoelectric Actuation and Micro-Domain Behaviors in the Monolithicallyl Patterned PMN-Pt Single Crystal,”  16th International Symposium on Integrated Ferroelectrics in Gyeongju, Korea, April 5-8, 2004.

B.M. Park, S.W. Ha, G.S. Lee, M. Feldman, H.Wong, and S.K. Yun, “Piezoelectric Projective Displays,” 48th International Conference on Electron, Ion, and Photon Beam Technology and Nanofabrication in San Diego, CA, June 1-4, 2004.

B.M. Park, S.K. Yun, and G.S. Lee, “Effects of Domain Behavior in a Domain- engineered PMN-PT single crystal for Optical Modulator Application,” 4th European Workshop on Piezoelectric Materials, Montpellier, France, July 21 – 23, 2004.

J.-S. Lee, A. Chandrashekar, L. Overzet and G.S. Lee, “A Four-Point Probe Characterization Method for Multi-wall Carbon Nanotubes Grown  Using Atmospheric Pressure Plasma CVD,” Gordon Research Conference-Plasma Processing Science,” Plymouth, NH, Aug. 15-20, 2004.

A. Chandrashekar, J.S. Lee, G.S. Lee, L.J. Overzet, “Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet Process for Rapid Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes,” Gordon Research Conference – Plasma Processing Science,” Plymouth, NH, Aug. 15-20, 2004.

G. S. Lee, “Nanotechnology using carbon nanotube,” 2004 International Conference on Computers, Communications and Systems, Daegu, Korea, November 26-27, 2004. (Keynote Speaker)

J.-S. Lee, A. Chandrashekar, L. Overzet, and G.S. Lee, “Carbon nanotube growth by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma CVD, 2004 International Conference on Computers, Communications and Systems, Daegu, Korea, November 26-27, 2004.

J. S. Lee, D. S. Park, A. K. Nallani, G. S. Lee, J. B. Lee, M. Ellis, and G. Skidmore, ”Design, Fabrication and Characterization of Sub-Micron Thermal Actuators,” TEXMEMS VI, 2004.

J.-S. Lee, A. Chandrashekar, K. Parikh, K. Cattanach, S. K. Manohar, L. Overzet, and G. S. Lee, “Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes Grown on a Four-probe Patterned Catalyst Layer for Chemical Sensor Applications,” Transducers 05, Seoul, Korea, June 5-9, 2005.

W. Hu, S. Ramachandran, L. J. Overzet, G. S. Lee, M. Kim, and M. Goeckner, “Diamond-Like-Carbon Coating on Nanoimprint Templates to Increase Wear Resistance,” EIPBN conference, Baltimore, MD, May 30 – June 2, 2006.