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More Information About Dr. Prager's work
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Research on
Intimacy
Processes in
Couple Relationships
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Professional Practice
Selected Papers and
Publications
For Students:
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Fall 2002 students:
Here are the dimensions on which we will compare theorists
all semester. My classifications are below. Memorization of this
table not really necessary, but try using it to ask yourself, In what way is
__________ 's theory based on the premise that people's personalities are shaped
by _____________ (for example: free-will choices)? Why or why
not? This is a good study technique.
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Dimension of Theory |
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What is the source of personality structure?
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Heredity:
Freud
Jung |
Social environment:
Adler
Erikson
Horney
Sullivan
Fromm |
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How aware are people of what motivates their behavior? |
Most is unconscious:
Freud
Jung
Horney
Fromm |
Much is conscious:
Adler
Erikson
Sullivan |
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How much of personality reflects choices made by the person
vs. how much is determined, either by internal or environmental factors? |
Chosen, with free will:
Some choice involved, but mostly . . . -> |
Determined by inborn or environmental influence:
Freud, Adler, Jung, Erikson, Horney, Sullivan, Fromm |
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How influential are goals & purposes to shaping personality? |
Influential:
Adler, Jung, Erikson, Fromm |
Less influential: Freud, Horney, Sullivan |
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Theorist focused on unique configurations of individuals or
on classifying broad classes of people? |
Unique individuals:
Freud, Adler, Jung, Erikson, Horney, Sullivan, Fromm |
None of these theorists (we’ll get to those later) |
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Optimistic or pessimistic about the possibilities for high
levels of mental health & fulfillment? |
More optimistic
Adler, Erikson, Sullivan |
More pessimistic
Freud, Jung, Horney, Fromm |
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Focus on the influence of the past on adult personality or
on the influence of current life situation? |
More focused on the past
Freud, Adler, Jung, Sullivan |
More focused on current life situation
Erikson, Horney, Fromm |
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