Encyclopedia of Literature and Science Editor, Pamela Gossin, Ph.D. Greenwood Press

Table of Contents
Update: 4-22-98


Editorial Board: Stephen Bernstein, David Cassuto, Paul Harris, Dale Pratt, Shelly Jarrett Bromberg

Contributors will be compensated for their contributions by receiving a copy of the complete volume upon publication.. They will be recognized by a List of Contributors (name, institution/affiliation, short title and publication date of one publication) and by initials at the end of their entries. "Major" contributors of 10 or more entries or 1,000 or more words will be designated by an asterix.

 

Order of Contents:

 

TAXONOMY AND CONTRIBUTORS:

LONG ENTRIES
*Intro: Profession of LS 4200 L. Schachterle
Two Cultures 2500 J. Paradis
Theory 2500 M Assad
Rhetoric 2000 C. Baldwin
Philosophy 2500 P. Livingston
Culture 1250 Rt. Young
Science in Literature 2500 S. Peterfreund
Scientists and LS 2000 J. Labinger
Pedagogy 2400 Fred White
Society 2500 D. Russell
Gender and Sexuality 1250 Sharon Stockon
Central Europe 2500 Y Abrioux
Northern Europe 1000 K. DePryck and K.Boullart
England 1500  
Ireland, Scotland, Wales 1000 L. Heaney
Australia 1000 D. Russell
Australian SF 1150 R. Haynes
North America-Canada 750  
North America - US 1500 J. Slade
Spanish-Speaking World 2500 R. Catala'
Russia (Former USSR) 2000 Y. Howell
Africa 750 M. McDonald
Asia 750  
India 1000 Khurshid Ahmad
Antiquity 1000 S. Bromberg and PSG
Middle Ages 1500 Douglas Kelly
Early Modern (To 1660) 1750 D. Altegoer
Post-Restoration 18th C 1750 A. Vila
19th c 1750 W. Crisman
20th c 2500 J. Deery
21st c 1250 J. Odin
 
Literature and...
Astronomy 2500 J. Korg
Physics 1500 D. Porush
Chemistry 1000 J. Labinger
Mathematics 1000 U. D'Ambrosio
Chaos Sciences 1500 Paul Harris
Technology 1500 J. Slade
Experimental Science 1000 R. Goldbort
Natural History 2500 D. Dean
Evolutionary Theory 1250 J. Carroll
Biology and Zoology 1000 M. Bryson
Environmental Sciences 1750 D. Cassuto
Exploration 1250 L. Bergmann
Medicine 2500 A. H. Hawkins
Social Sciences (see anthropology, psychology, sociology)
Cognitive Sciences 1000 M. Ippolito
Virtual Reality and AI 1500 R. Markley
 
Forms and Genres
Poetry 1500 J. Duemer
Fiction 1000 W. Everdell
Drama 1000 N. Spencer
Essay 1500 R. Buechler
History of Science 2000 K. Neeley
Biography/Autobiography 1250 L. Wagner
Narrative 1250 D. Porush
Metaphor, Tropes 1000 K. DePryck
Satire and Humor 1000 C. Gouge
Science Fiction 1000 N. Gough
Popularization 1250 J. Yaross-Lee
Science Reporting 910 M Bryson
Scientific Article 1000 R Goldbort
Popular Scientific Essay 1000 Wm. MacRae
Film 750 M. McDonald
Hypertext 1250 J. Bolter
 
Themes/Issues
Scientific Revolutions 2000 Dale Pratt
Imagination and Creativity 1420 B. Friedman
Lity Repr of Scientists 2000 R. Haynes
Scientist-Authors 1790 Sid Perkowitz
Art and Aesthetics 1750 Fred Turner
Politics and Ideology 1500 Joe Groseclose
Religion 1500 Lisa Zeitz
 
READY REFERENCE ENTRIES ( 50 - 749 words)
aeronautics/aviation/avionics 250 David Vaughan (invited)
agriculture 100 David Cassuto
AIDS 300 C. Amirault
Akademiia Nauk SSSR, see Russian Academy of Sciences
alchemy 170 E. Schenkel
alcoholism 100 R. Bonk
alterity 200 M. Libertin
analogy 540 Sid Perkowitz
animals (see Biology/Zoology)
anthropology 300  
anthroposophy 60 E. Schenkel
arche-text 100 Paul Harris
architecture 250 Paul Harris
Arctic 100 Linda Bergmann
argument from design 100 L. Zeitz
Aristotelianism (see Aristotle)
Artificial Intelligence (see Virtual Reality and AI)
ASLE: Assoc. for Lit. & the Environment 100 David Cassuto
astrology (see pseudosciences/occult sciences)
astronauts/astronautics 250 D. Vaughan (invited)
astrotheology 100 Lisa Zeitz
atomic theory 150 J. Labinger
autopoesis 50 S. Meyer
aviation/avionics (see aeronautics)
 
bicycle 90 E. Schenkel
biodiversity 230 J. Kinch
biophilia 170 J. Kinch
biotechnology/genetic eng'g 250 R. Bonk
black box 150 Sid Perkowitz
body (see corporeality)
borrowings (betw. cult / sci) 100 K. Ahmad
botany 100 L. Dassow-Walls
 
cavemen (see prehistoric man)
CD ROM 50 J. Bolter
Ctr for Study of Sci & the Arts (Univ of Texas-Dallas) 270 Fred Turner
chaotic/dynamic systems 500 Alex Argyros
Chemical Revolution (see Chemistry)
chemical tables (see Chemistry)
ciencia poesi'a (see sciencepoetry)
city 100 Paul Harris
classification systems/nomenclature 100 L. D. Walls
clinical medicine (see Medicine)
clock 100 Lisa Zeitz
cognitive science (see topical article)
colonialism (new world) 100 C. Gouge
comets (see astronomy)
complexity 200 Paul Harris
computer games 150 E. Donaldson
computer graphics 60 C. Baldwin
computer networks 50 J. Bolter
computers/ing 400 J. Odin
conservation biology 190 J. Kinch
Copernicanism (see Copernicus)
corporeality (body) 200 A. Vila
cosmos/cosmology 250 J. Palmeri
creationism 250 Lisa Zeitz
cubism 50 W. Everdell
cybernetic fiction 200 David Porush
cybernetics 100 J.A. Brown
cyberpunk 100 June Deery
cyberspace 190 June Deery
cyborgs 160 June Deery
 
Darwin in Spain 100 R. Chabran
Darwinism 500 J. Carroll
deconstruction 100 C. Amirault
deep ecology 250 David Cassuto
description (See natural description)
detective fiction 100 J. Labinger
determinism 250 Lisa Zeitz
dinosaurs 140 Dennis R. Dean
discontinuity 100 W. Everdell
discovery 150 Linda Bergmann
Drew University: See Program in Modern History and Literature
dynamic systems (see chaotic systems)
dystopias 300 June Deery
 
early men (see prehistoric man)
earthquakes/seismic activity 90 Dennis R. Dean
ecocriticism 150 David Cassuto
ecofeminism 150 David Cassuto
ecology (See "Environment and Ecology")
ecomachia 75 Robert Markley
economic value 75 Fred Turner
economics 100  
Einsteinian science (see Einstein)
electricity 50 C. Baldwin
electronic bulletin boards/journals 100 J. Bolter
elevators 100 Lisa Gitelman
empiricism 100 M. Bryson
encyclopedias/dictionaries 100 PSG
Encyclope'die 50 A. Vila
energy 285 S. Peterfreund
engineering/engineers 150 M. McDonald
Enlightenment 400 A. Vila
entropy 100 J. Labinger
epistemology (of sci and lit) 250 L. Arata
episte'mocritique 150 Paul Harris
eugenics (see biotech/gen.engineering)
Exhibition of 1851 (see expositions)
expanding universe (see Astronomy, cosmology)
experimental novel 250 C. Baldwin
experimentation (see Experimental Science, laboratory)
expositions/ World's fairs 150 Lisa Gitelman
extraterrestrials 200 Michael Crowe
 
feuilleton 100 R. Buechler
field theory 200 Paul Harris
fossil record 170 Dennis R Dean
fourth dimension 75 E. Schenkel
fractals 500 A. Argyros
Frankenstein (Doctor, monster) 100 R. Goldbort
frontier 150 David Cassuto
 
game theory 50 U. D'Ambrosio
garden 150 David Cassuto
geocentrism (see astronomy)
genethic 410 Doug Russell
genetic engineering (see also biotechnology, eugenics, genetics)
genetics 100 M. Bryson
genomics (see: ? )
geography 140 Dennis R. Dean
geoheliocentrism (see astronomy)
geometry (see mathematics)
giants 50 Lisa Gitelman
gnosticism 330 S. Peterfreund
gothic(ism) 150 S. Bernstein
graphic user interface/ GUIs (see computer graphics)
gravity/antigravity 75 E. Schenkel
gynecology 100 Mary Libertin
 
heliocentrism (see astronomy)
hermeneutics 150  
Hippocratic Writings (see Hippocrates)
human genome project (see biotechnology)
humanism 75 D. Altegoer
humor (see Satire and Humor)
hypermedia (see Hypertext and all computer related topics)
hypothesis 75 M. Bryson
 
illness narratives 30 A.H. Hawkins
industry 100 C. Gouge
Industrial Revolution 400 N. Spencer
information superhighway 150 Robert Markley
information theory 250 C. Gouge
interdisciplinarity 200 K DePryck
inventors 200 Lisa Gitelman
 
laboratory 200 R. Goldbort
Lacanian Psychology 100 C. Amirault
landscapes 200 Yves Abrioux
language 300 L. Wagner
lapidary lore 100 Dennis R. Dean
Lit and Sci Minor, Univ.Missouri-Rolla 50 A.B. Matthews
 
machine 100 S. Bromberg
madness/insanity 50 C. Amirault
magic (see: pseudosciences/occult sciences)
magic realism 200 J. A. Brown
maps/mapping 150  
maternity 50 S. Stockton
mathematical games 100 Paul Harris
mechanism/ Mechl Philosophy 400 C. Baldwin
medical case history 120 A.H. Hawkins
medical practice (see Medicine)
medical theory (see Medicine)
melancholy 50 A. Vila
mesmerism 50 A. Vila
metaphysical poets/poetry 400 D. Altegoer
meteorology 170 Dennis R. Dean
microscope 120 E. Schenkel
mineralogy and petrology 110 Dennis R. Dean
mining and metallurgy 100 Dennis R. Dean
mobius bodies 50 Mary Libertin
modernism 125 W. Everdell
multimedia 100  
museums/collections 75 Rd. Nash
music 100 J. Duemer
mythology (Greco-Roman) 200 S. Bromberg
 
narrative ethics 125 A.H. Hawkins
narrative knowledge 160 A.H. Hawkins
NASA (see astronautics)
natural classicism 570 Fred Turner
natural description 200 Linda Bergmann
natural philosophy 300 Robert Markley
natural theology 300 Lisa Zeitz
naturalism 100 L. Cassuto
Nature (see natural description, natural philosophy, nature writing)
nature writing 200 J. McClintock
nebular hypothesis 50 J. Palmeri
neurophysiology 150 David Porush
neuroscience 100 S. Meyer
new world (see colonialism)
Newtonianism 300 Robert Markley
nomenclature (see classification systems)
nonlinearity (see chaos science)
noosphere 100 Yvonne Howell
novatores 50 R. Chabran
nuclear energy/science 100 J. Labinger
number theory 75 W. Everdell
 
objectivity 300 Robert Markley
Ometeca (journal) 200 R. Catala'
ontology 50 K. DePryck
optics 750 S. Peterfreund
orderly disorder (see Chaos Sciences)
ornithology 75 Michael Bryson
the Other (see alterity)
outerspace 250 D. Vaughan (invited)
 
paleontology 90 Dennis R. Dean
patents 200 Lisa Gitelman
pathography 140 A.H. Hawkins
phonograph 150 L. Gitelman
photography 100 J. Greenway
physician(s)/physician-writers 240 R. Bonk
physicotheology 300 L. Zeitz
physick 50 D. Hellegers
planetaria 150 J. Marche
plurality of worlds 100 Michael Crowe
pointillisme 50 W. Everdell
positivism 100 M. Bryson
postmodernism 200 David Porush
poststructuralism 200 Joseph Carroll
pragmatism 50 L. Arata
pregnancy/ pregnancy loss 100 S. Stockton
prehistoric man 280 Dennis R. Dean
primates 100 Rd. Nash
probability 200 Koen DePryck
problem-solving 100 M. Ippolito
Program in Mod Hist , Lit & Med Humanities (Drew Univ) 100 A. Bright
progress 100 M. Bryson
pseudosciences/occult sciences (See also alchemy) 200 L. Wagner
psychiatry/psychology 400 C. Amirault
psychoanalysis (see psychiatry/psychology)
psychology (see psychiatry/psychology))
public science writing 300 Doug Russell
publishing/printing/books 150 L. Wagner
 
quantum metaphysics 100 J. Odin
quantum physics 530 Sid Perkowitz
 
race 300 L. Cassuto
radioactivity 140 E. Schenkel
randomness 75 W. Everdell
rationality/irrationality 530 Paisley Livingston
realism 100 K. Swenson
reality 560 P. Livingston
relativity 310 V. Dusek
representation 500 D. Altegoer
reproduction 50 S. Stockton
Rhetoric Dept-U.Minn 75 PSG
Romanticism 590 J. Duemer
Royal Society 250 D. Altegoer
Russian Academy of Sciences 75 Y. Howell
 
savage (noble) 50 A. Vila
Sch. of Lit., Comm. and Culture (Georgia Inst of Tech) 100 PSG
Schro''dinger's cat 150 S. Perkowitz
science fiction poetry 480 Fred Turner
science-poetry 200 R. Catala'
Science Studies Program (Penn.St) 100 PSG
science/culture wars 100 J. Carroll
scientific explanation 760 S. Peterfreund
scientific method 100 M. Bryson
scientific models/modelling 570 S. Peterfreund
scientific textbooks 100 S. Weininger (invited)
scientism 100 M. Bryson
scientists in literature (see Literary Representations of Scientists)
semiotics 60 C. Baldwin
sexual orientation 75 C. Amirault
social Darwinism 250 J. Carroll
social ecology 150 David Cassuto
sociobiology 60 V. Dusek
sociology 300  
space travel 100 D. Vaughan (invited)
spy novel 150 Joseph Slade
strange attractors 300 A. Argyros
Structuralism 50 C. Amirault
supernatural 280 L. Zeitz
symbolism 50 W. Everdell
symbolist movement 100 S. Bromberg
 
technical writing 500 R. Goldbort
technicians/technician-hero 100 M. McDonald
telephone 150 L. Gitelman
telescope 250 D. Altegoer
television 100 Joseph Slade
thermodynamics 250 J. Labinger, S.Weininger
thought-experiments 150 B. Friedman
time 200 Paul Harris
time travel 115 E. Schenkel
topographic writing (see Hypertext)
topography 200 David Cassuto
tragedy 500 A. Argyros
travelogue 200 Linda Bergmann
truth 500 Paisley Livingston
turbulence 300 A. Argyros
typewriter 150 L. Gitelman
 
uncertainty principle 150 Sid Perkowitz
utopias 300 June Deery
 
Values and Sci and Tech (VAST)--Lafayette College 75 L. D. Walls
virtuoso 50 D. Altegoer
visual imagery 100 L. Wagner
visualization 150 S. Perkowitz
volcanoes 210 Dennis R. Dean
 
war technology 50 N. Spencer
water 100 David Cassuto
world-making 200 Paul Harris
writing-across-the-curriculum 100 C. Gouge
 
X-ray 50 L. Gitelman
 
INDIVIDUALS    
Ancient: to 500 AD
Aratos of Soli (315-245 BC) 75 PSG
Aristophanes (c.448-c.388 BC) 60 J. Sadashige
Aristotle (384-322 BC) 150 K Boullart
Marcus Tullius Cicero 50 C. Baldwin
Galen (129-c200) 75 A. B. Matthews
Germanicus Caesar 50 PSG
Hesiod 75 S. Bromberg
"Hippocrates"/ Hippocratic writings 100 A. B. Matthews
Homer (c.850-800BC) 75 S. Bromberg
Horace 50 K. Boullart
Lucian 75 J. Palmeri
Lucretius 75 P. Wilson
Ovid 50 J. Sadashige
Plato 150 K. Boullart
Pliny the Elder 60 J. Sadashige
Presocratic philosophers 150 S. Bromberg
Vergil 50 J. Sadashige
Marcus Pollio Vitruvius 110 K. Neeley
 
Medieval
Hildegard of Bingen 50 P. Wilson
Chaucer 100 Mary Libertin
Dante Alighieri 100 K. DePryck
Leonardo da Vinci 100 K. DePryck
 
Renaissance / Early Modern: (b. 1500+; death dates up to 1640)
Francis Bacon 500 Roslynn Haynes
Tycho Brahe 50 V. Dusek
Thomas Browne 50 N. Spencer
Giordano Bruno 60 V. Dusek
Nicholas Copernicus 250 Ralph Buechler
Rene Descartes 100 D. Altegoer
John Donne 200 Desiree Hellegers
William Harvey 100 A.B. Matthews
Ben Jonson 100 E. Schenkel
Johannes Kepler 100 S. Bromberg
Christopher Marlowe 100 D. Altegoer
Michel de Montaigne 340 R. Buechler
A. Osiander 50 J.Greenway
Paracelsus 50 V. Dusek
William Shakespeare 100 D. Altegoer
Edmund Spenser 75 D. Altegoer
 
Seventeenth and Eighteenth C.
Jose de Acosta 50 R. Chabran
Joseph Addison 100 L. Zeitz
d'Alembert (see Encyclope'die)
Bartram 50 R. Dolle
Aphra Behn 100 PSG
John Arbuthnot 100 R. Nash
William Blake 250 K.DePryck
Robert Boyle 100 D. Altegoer
Buffon 125 Dennis R. Dean
Samuel Butler 50 PSG
Margaret Cavendish 150 PSG
Cervantes 50 R. Chabran
Emilie Du Châtelet 100 D. Altegoer
Anne Conway (see Finch)
Abraham Cowley 50 D. Altegoer
Savinien Cyrano de Bergerac 50 K. Boullart
Erasmus Darwin 220 Dennis R. Dean
Daniel Defoe 50 P. Wilson
Wm Derham 150 L. Zeitz
Denis Diderot 100 A. Vila
John Dryden 75 Rd. Nash
J. Edwards 50 R. Dolle
Anne Finch 100 D. Hellegers
Robert Fludd 50 V. Dusek
Fontenelle 100 A. Vila
Benjamin Franklin 140 Ralph Buechler
Galileo Galilei 200 L. D. Walls
Joseph Glanvill(e) 100 L. Zeitz
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 300 V. Dusek
T. Hobbes 50 A. Bright
E.T.A. Hoffman 225 R. Haynes
Robert Hooke 50 M. Ippolito
T. Jefferson 50 R. Dolle
Samuel Johnson 100 R. Nash
J. Josselyn 50 R. Dolle
Georg C. Lichtenberg 150 Ralph Buechler
John Locke 100 A. Vila
Mikhail Lomonosov 290 Yvonne Howell
C. Mather 50 R. Dolle
John Milton 250 D. Altegoer
Molière 430 Paisley Livingston
Isaac Newton 500 S. Bromberg
Novalis 50 V. Dusek
Samuel Pepys 50 K. Boullart
Alexander Pope 300 R. Markley
Joseph Priestley 350 S. Peterfreund
Rabelais 100 K. Boullart
John Ray 150 Lisa Zeitz
Jean Jacques Rousseau 100 A. Vila
The Scriblerians 100 Richard Nash
Thomas Shadwell 50 A. B. Matthews
Jane Smiley 100 D. Hellegers
Tobias Smollett 50 A. Matthews
Mary Somerville 200 K. Neeley
Thomas Sprat 50 R. Goldbort
Laurence Sterne 50 R. Nash
Jonathan Swift 300 R. Nash
James Thomson 50 PSG
Vico 50 K. Boullart
Voltaire 250 A. Vila
A.G. Werner 150 Dennis R. Dean
Gilbert White 260 S. Peterfreund
John Wilkins 200 L. Zeitz
Mary Wolstonecraft 100 S. Chrystal
 
Nineteenth C. (death dates to 1940)
Henry Adams 75 Joseph Slade
Elizabeth Agassiz 75 Linda Bergmann
J.L.R. Agassiz 75 Linda Bergmann
Matthew Arnold 100 J. Carroll
Honore de Balzac 75 M. Assad/A. Vila
Baudelaire 75 M. Assad
Emily Bronte 75 S. Bernstein
Robert Browning 150 Jacob Korg
Robert Burton 50 K. Swenson
Samuel Butler 600 Marian Crowe
George Gordon, Lord Byron 75 W. Crisman
Thomas Carlyle 60 A. Bright
Robert Chambers 50 K. Swenson
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov 75 K. Boullart
G.K. Chesterton 50 E. Schenkel
Samuel Clemens (see Mark Twain)
Samuel Taylor Coleridge 100 V. Dusek
William Wilkie Collins 100 L. Zeitz
Joseph Conrad 400 J. Groseclose
James Fenimore Cooper 110 Dennis R. Dean
Charles Robert Darwin 250 J. Carroll
Humphry Davy 75 V. Dusek
Henry DeLaBeche 125 Dennis R. Dean
Charles Dickens 100 A. Bright
Emily Dickinson 320 Fred White
Arthur Conan Doyle 300 R. Haynes
Maria Edgeworth 50 W. Crisman
Thomas Alva Edison 200 Lisa Gitelman
George Eliot 250 H. Armstrong
Ralph Waldo Emerson 100 S. Meyer
Michael Faraday 50 K. Swenson
Gustave Flaubert 100 H. Armstrong
Henry Ford 150 L.Gitelman
Sigmund Freud 300 C. Amirault
Benito Pe'rez Galdo's 100 Dale Pratt
Charlotte Perkins Gilman 50 M. Bryson
Edmond and Jules Goncourt 50 K. Boullart
Edmund Gosse 50 K. Swenson
Thomas Hardy 250 PSG
Nathaniel Hawthorne 250 R. Haynes
Caroline Herschel 150 J. Korg
John Herschel 150 J. Korg
William Herschel 200 J. Korg
Gerard Manley Hopkins 50 S. Meyer
Victor-Marie Hugo 100 Maria Assad
Friedrich Wilhelm Karl Heinrich, Alexander von Humboldt 75 M. Bryson
James Hutton 125 Dennis R. Dean
Thomas Henry Huxley 100 J.Carroll
H. Ibsen 50 J. Greenway (invited)
Henry James 100 S. Chrystal
Wm James 100 S. Meyer
John Keats 75 W.Crisman
Charles Kingsley 50 A. Bright
Jack London 50 J. Carroll
Charles Lyell 170 Dennis R. Dean
E. Bulwer Lytton 275 R. Haynes
Stephane Mallarme' 50 M. Assad
Thomas Malthus 50 L. Cassuto
Thomas Mann 75 Mary Libertin
Gideon A. Mantell 100 Dennis R. Dean
Harriet Martineau 50 N. Spencer
Hudson Maxim 100 L. Gitelman
Herman Melville 75 Noel Gough
George Meredith 170 Jacob Korg
Prosper Me'rime'e 50 Maria Assad
Jules Michelet 50 K. Boullart
John Stuart Mill 150 Jacob Korg
Hugh Miller 50 J. Paradis
William Morris 75 A.Bright
Josephine Peary 50 Linda Bergmann
Robert Peary 50 Linda Bergmann
John Playfair 100 Dennis R. Dean
Edgar Allan Poe 60 W. Crisman
Rd Proctor 50 Michael Crowe
Marcel Proust d.1922 75 S. Bromberg
Thomas DeQuincey 60 E. Schenkel
Arthur Rimbaud 75 M. Assad/W. Everdell
Clemence Royer 50 J. Palmeri
John Ruskin 50 A. Bright
Rutherford 110 Sid Perkowitz
George Bernard Shaw 75 A. Bright
Mary Shelley 550 R. Haynes
Percy Bysshe Shelley 75 W. Crisman
Herbert Spencer 50 H. Armstrong
Stendhal (Beyle, Henri) 75 Maria Assad
Robert Louis Stevenson 250 R. Haynes
Bram Stoker 50 A. Bright
A. Strindberg 50 J. Greenway (invited)
Arkady & Boris Strugatsky 75 Yvonne Howell
Algernon Swinburne 100 J. Paradis
Alfred Tennyson 300 Jacob Korg
Francis Thompson 110 Jacob Korg
Henry David Thoreau 100 M. Bryson
Mark Twain 300 Lisa Gitelman
Jules Verne 100 S. Bromberg
William Whewell 220 K. Neeley
Walt Whitman 75 S. Meyer
Oscar Wilde 75 A. Bright
William Wordsworth 500 Jennifer FitzGerald
Emile Zola` 100 A. Vila
 
TWENTIETH C.
Edward Abbey 200 J. McClintock
Kathy Acker 50 E. Donaldson
Diane Ackerman 150 PSG
Douglas Adams 75 S. Bromberg
John Allman 120 J. Duemer
A.R. Ammons 110 J. Duemer
John Ashbery 50 S. Meyer
Isaac Asimov 50 R. Goldbort
Margaret Atwood 190 June Deery
Mary Austin 75 David Cassuto
J. G. Ballard 50 N. Gough
John Banville 75 M. MacDonald
John Barth 150 David Porush
Barthelme 150 David Porush
Gregory Bateson 100 Paul Harris
Samuel Beckett 150 David Porush
Wendall Berry 150 Rod Phillips
Niels Bohr 150 B. Friedman
Jorge Luis Borges 300 R. Catala'
Bertolt Brecht 280 Fred White
David Brin 150 Fred White
Pearl Buck 300 R. Haynes
Wm. Burroughs 50 D. Porush
Octavia Butler 50 N. Gough
Santiago Ramon Y Cajal 300 Dale Pratt
Italo Calvino 200 Paul Harris
Karel Capek (d.1938) 250 R. Haynes
Fritjof Capra 50 June Deery
Ernesto Cardenal 75 R. Catala'
Rachel Carson 250 David Cassuto
R. Catala' 75 R. Chabran
Arthur C. Clarke 50 N. Gough
Robin Cook 50 R. Goldbort
Robert Coover 100 David Porush
Julio Cortaza'r 150 J. Andrew Brown
Michael Crichton 50 R. Goldbort
Francis Crick 50 M. Bryson
Don DeLillo 100 Stephen Bernstein
Gilles Deleuze 75  
Alison Deming 60 J. Duemer
Jacques Derrida 75 C. Amirault
Philip Dick 50 N. Gough
Carl Djerassi 50 R. Goldbort
Annie Dillard 200 David Cassuto
John Dos Passos 50 N. Spencer
Theodore Dreiser 50 S. Chrystal
Lawrence Durrell 50 M. MacDonald
Friedrich Dü rrenmatt 150 Sid Perkowitz
Umberto Eco 250 N. Gough
Gerald Edelman 75 S. Meyer
T.S. Eliot 200 S. Meyer
Ralph Ellison 50 S. Bromberg
Albert Einstein 500 V. Dusek
Loren Eiseley 200 PSG
William Faulkner 250 Paul Harris
Richard P. Feynman 150 S. Perkowitz
Gary Fincke 50 J. Duemer
Ian Hamilton Finlay 75 Yves Abrioux
Penelope Fitzgerald 50 K. Swenson
Michel Foucault 75 C. Amirault
Robert Frost 50 S. Meyer
Carlos Fuentes 100 Dale Pratt
Alice Fulton 70 J. Duemer
George Gamow 50 J. Palmeri
William Gibson 50 N. Gough
James Gleick 50 M. Bryson
Albert Goldbarth 190 J. Duemer
Stephen Jay Gould 100 V. Dusek
Alasdair Gray 100 S. Bernstein
John Gribbin 100 June Deery
Lisa Grunewald 50 PSG
J.B.S. Haldane 100 Doug Russell
Donna Haraway 200 June Deery
Stephen Hawking 50 J. Palmeri
Robert Heinlien 50 N. Gough
W. Heisenberg 150 S. Perkowitz
Frank Herbert 50 N Gough
Francisco Hernandez 50 R. Chabran
Roald Hoffman 75 J. Labinger
Miroslav Holub 80 J. Duemer
Fred Hoyle 50 L. Arata
Aldous Huxley 200 June Deery
Julian Huxley 150 June Deery
Leonard Isaacs 50 R. Goldbort
Robinson Jeffers 250 Rod Phillips
Wm Powell Jones 110 K. Neeley
James Joyce 200 S. Meyer
Weldon Kees 75 PSG
Harold King 50 R. Goldbort
Arthur Koestler 115 E. Schenkel
Nancy Kress 50 R. Goldbort
Joseph Wood Krutz 110 J. McClintock
Thomas Kuhn (see Revolutions/Paradigms)
Bernard Lassus 100 Yves Abrioux
Philip Latham (R. Richardson) 50 J. Marche
Bruno Latour 150 L. D. Walls
Ursula Le Guin 250 N. Gough
Stanislaw Lem 75 N.Gough
Aldo Leopold 210 J. McClintock
C. S. Lewis 400 R. Haynes
Alan Lightman 50 J. Labinger
Anne Morrow Lindbergh 50 David Vaughan (invited)
Barry Lopez 200 J. McClintock
Amy Lowell 75 E. Donaldson
A.R. Luria 75 A.H. Hawkins
Benoit Mandelbrot 50 K. DePryck
Gabriel Garcia Marquez 75 J. Andrew Brown
Jose Marti 90 R. Catala'
Michael McClure 150 R. Phillips
Russell McCormmach 100 J. Duemer
Thomas McMahon 50 R. Goldbort
Sandra McPherson 70 J. Duemer
John McPhee 320 Fred White
James Merrill 75 S. Meyer
Andrew Miller 50 PSG
Czeslaw Milosz 160 J. Duemer
Marianne Moore 75 S. Meyer
Toni Morrison 75 E. Donaldson
John Muir 100 Dennis R. Dean
E. Munch 50 J. Greenway (invited)
Valdimir Nabokov 75 Mary Libertin
Gloria Naylor 50 Mary Libertin
Marjorie Hope Nicolson 250 K. Neeley
Frank Norris 75 L. Cassuto
George Orwell 100 C. Gouge
Doug Peacock 100 Rodney Lee Phillips
Georges Perec 50 Paul Harris
Walker Percy 100 R. Bonk
Marge Piercy 100 June Deery
Max Planck 150 S. Perkowitz
Karl Popper 75 J. Carroll
Ezra Loomis Pound 75 S. Meyer
Richard Powers 50 J. Labinger
Ilya Prigogine 100 David Porush
Thomas Pynchon 300 Joseph Slade
Robert S. Richardson (see Philip Latham)
Gene Roddenberry 100 J. Palmeri
Oliver Sacks 200 A.H. Hawkins
Carl Sagan 200 J. Palmeri
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento 75 J.A. Brown
George Sarton 200 K. Neeley
Richard Selzer 100 R. Bonk
Sam Shepherd 50 S. Bromberg
Nevil Shute 75 D. Vaughan (invited)
Upton Sinclair 50 N. Spencer
Martin Cruz Smith 50 R. Goldbort
C.P. Snow 75 R. Goldbort
Gary Snyder (poet) 100 James McClintock
Gertrude Stein 100 S. Meyer
John Steinbeck 200 David Cassuto
Neal Stephenson 50 D. Porush
Bruce Sterling 50 N. Gough
Wallace Stevens 120 J. Duemer
Michael Talbot 50 June Deery
Lewis Thomas 100 R. Bonk
Miguel de Unamuno 50 R. Chabran
John Updike 50 E. Donaldson
Palacio Valde's 100 Dale Pratt
F. Varela 50 S. Meyer
Vladimir Vernadsky 210 Y. Howell
Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. 660 S. Peterfreund
James Watson 100 V. Dusek
H. G. Wells 310 June Deery
Edith Wharton 75 S. Chrystal
William Carlos Williams 100 S. Meyer
E.O. Wilson 340 J. Kinch
Virginia Woolf 250 M. Ippolito
William Butler Yeats 220 Barton Friedman
Gary Zukav 40 June Deery