Chapter 12 Homework 

Review Questions:

Comparisons among the States of Matter: 12.2, 12.3, 12.7

Intermolecular Attractions: 12.16, 12.18

General Properties of Liquids and Solids: 12.22, 12.25, 12.28, 12.32 - 12.34, 12.36, 12.39

Changes of State and Equilibrium: 12.40, 12.43 - 12.46

Vapor Pressure: 12.47, 12.49, 12.50, 12.52, 12.54

Boiling Points of Liquids: 12.56, 12.57, 12.63, 12.64

Energy Changes that accompany Changes of State: 12.66 - 12.70

Le Chatelier's Principle: 12.77

Phase Diagrams: 12.79, 12.80, 12.83

Review Problems:

Intermolecular Attractions and Molecular Structure: 12.86, 12.88, 12.89, 12.91, 12.93, 12.95

Energy Changes that accompany Changes of State: 12.98 - 12.100

Phase Diagrams: 12.106

Additional Exercises:

12.113

Chapter 13 Homework

Review Questions:

Crystalline Solids and X-ray Diffraction: 13.3, 13.4, 13.7

Crystal Types: 13.18

Review Problems:

Crystalline Solids and X-ray Diffraction: 13.92, 13.93

Crystal Types:  13.106 - 13.109, 13.112, 13.113

Chapter 14 Homework

Review Questions:

Why Solutions Form: 14.2, 14.4 - 14.6, 14.9, 14.11

Enthalpy of Solution: 14.14, 14.16, 14.18, 14.21

Temperature and Solubility: 14.24

Pressure and Solubility: 14.26, 14.29

Expressions of Concentration: 14.30, 14.32

Lowering of the Vapor Pressure: 14.34

Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation: 14.38, 14.39

Dialysis and Osmosis: 14.41, 14.43

Colligative Properties of Electrolytes: 14.48, 14.51

Kinds of Mixtures: 14.53

Colloidal Dispersions: 14.55, 14.57, 14.58

Review Problems:

Enthalpy of Solution: 14.66

Henry's Law:  14.67

Expressions of Concentration: 14.72, 14.73, 14.76, 14.78, 14.80

Raoult's Law: 14.81, 14.84, 14.87

Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation: 14.90 - 14.93

Osmotic Pressure: 14.98

Colligative Properties of Electrolyte Solutions: 14.100, 14.101, 14.103

Interionic Attractions and Colligative Properties: 14.107, 14.109

Chapter 15 Homework

Review Questions:

Factors that affect reaction rate: 15.6, 15.11, 15.16, 15.19

Concentration and rate; rate laws: 15.20 - 15.24. 15.26, 15.27, 15.30, 15.32

Concentration and time; half-lives: 15.33 - 15.37

Effect of temperature on rate: 15.40 - 15.42, 15.44, 15.48

Reaction Mechanisms:  15.49, 15.50, 15.52 - 15.54, 15.57

Catalysts: 15.59 - 15.62

Review Problems:

Measuring rates of reaction: 15.64, 15.66, 15.68

Rate laws for reactions: 15.71, 15.73, 15.74, 15.76, 15.78, 15.81

Concentration and time: 15.82, 15.84, 15.85, 15.89

Half-lives: 15.90, 15.91, 15.95

Calculations involving the activation energy: 15.98, 15.101

Chapter 16 Homework

Review Questions:

General: 16.2

Mass Action Expression . . .: 16.7, 16.8

Converting between Kp and Kc: 16.9

Heterogeneous Equilibria: 16.12

Le Chatelier's Principle:  16.14 - 16.16

Review Problems:

Equilibrium Laws for Kp and Kc: 16.19, 16.21

Manipulating Equilibrium Equations: 16.25, 16.27

Converting between Kp and Kc: 16.30, 16.32, 16.33, 16.37

Heterogeneous Equilibria: 16.41, 16.43, 16.44

Equilibrium Calculations: 16.45, 16.47, 16.50, 16.51, 16.53, 16.56, 16.57, 16.60, 16.61, 16.64, 16.65, 16.68, 16.70

Chapter 17 Homework

Review Questions:

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases: 17.3, 17.4

Trends in Acid-Base Strengths:  17.6 - 17.8, 17.11 - 17.13, 17.15 - 17.17, 17.19, 17.20

Lewis Acids and Bases: 17.23 - 17.25

Acid-Base Properties of the Elements and Their Oxides:  17.31 - 17.33

Ionization of Water and the pH concept:  17.37 - 17.39

Review Problems:

Bronsted Acids and Bases: 17.40, 17.42

Trends in Acid-Base Strengths: 17.44, 17.46

Lewis Acids and Bases: 17.51, 17.53

Autoionization of Water and pH: 17.58, 17.60 - 17.64, 17.66, 17.67

Solutions of Strong Acids and Bases: 17.70, 17.72 - 17.76

Chapter 18 Homework

Review Questions:

Acid and Base Ionization Constants: 18.2 - 18.5(a,c), 18.6(a,c), 18.9, 18.13

Acid-Base Properties of Salt Solutions:  18.16 - 18.19

Buffers: 18.25 - 18.27

Ionization of Polyprotic Acids:  18.28

Salts of Polyprotic Acids:  18.33a

Titrations and Acid-Base Indicators: 18.35, 18.37, 18.39

Review Problems:

Acid and Base Ionization Constants: 18.42, 18.47

Equilibrium Calculations: 18.48, 18.50, 18.52, 18.56, 18.58, 18.63

Acid-Base Properties of Salt Solutions: 18.65, 18.66

Equilibrium Calculations when Simplifications Fail: 18.76, 18.78

Buffers: 18.82, 18.87, 18.88, 18.92, 18.94

Solutions of Polyprotic Acids: 18.103

Solutions of Salts of Polyprotic Acids: 18.109

Acid-Base Titrations: 18.117, 18.118, 18.120

Chapter 19 Homework

Review Questions:

Solubility Products: 19.2 - 19.5

Review Problems:

Solubility Products: 19.14

Determining Ksp: 19.16, 19.18, 19.21

Using Ksp to Calculate Solubilities: 19.23, 19.26, 19.27

Common Ion Effect: 19.34, 19.36, 19.39, 19.42

Precipitation: 19.46, 19.49, 19.51

Chapter 20 Homework

Review Questions:

First Law of Thermodynamics: 20.4, 20.9

Spontaneous Change: 20.12

Entropy: 20.19, 20.20, 20.22 - 20.24

Third Law of Thermodynamics: 20.25, 20.27

Gibbs Free Energy: 20.30, 20.31

Free Energy and Work: 20.33, 20.36

Free Energy and Equilibrium: 20.38, 20.42, 20.43

Thermodynamics and Equilibrium: 20.46 - 20.48, 20.50 

Review Problems:

First Law of Thermodynamics: 20.54

Factors that Affect Spontaneity: 20.60, 20.64

Third Law of Thermodynamics: 20.66, 20.68

Gibbs Free Energy: 20.72, 20.74, 20.77, 20.79

Free Energy and Work: 20.80

Free Energy and Equilibrium: 20.82, 20.85

Free Energy and Spontaneity . . . : 20.86, 20.89

Thermodynamic Equilibrium Constants: 20.90, 20.93, 20.96

Bond Energies and Heats of Reactions: 20.101, 20.102

Chapter 21 Homework

Review Questions:

Galvanic Cells: 21.2 - 21.3, 21.5, 21.9

Cell Potentials and Reduction Potentials: 21.10, 21.16

Using Standard Reduction Potentials: 21.20, 21.21

The Effect of Concentration on Cell Potential: 21.27

Electrolysis: 21.51, 21.52

Stoichiometric Relationships in Electrolysis: 21.54

Review Problems:

Cell Notation: 21.67, 21.68

Using Reduction Potentials: 21.71, 21.72, 21.75, 21.76, 21.79, 21.80, 21.84

Cell Potentials and Thermodynamics: 21.86, 21.88

The Effect of Concentration on Cell Potential: 21.93, 21.94

Quantitative Aspects of Electrochemical Reactions:  21.98, 21.101, 21.105, 21.106, 21.108

Predicting Electrolysis Reactions: 21.114, 21.117

Chapter 22 Homework

Review Questions:

Conservation of Mass Energy:  22.1, 22.4, 22.5

Radioactivity: 22.6 - 22.10

Nuclear Stability: 22.12, 22.14 - 22.16

Detecting and Measuring Radiations: 22.24, 22.25

Applications of Radionuclides: 22.29, 22.30

Review Problems:

Radioactivity: 22.49 - 22.56

Nuclear Stability: 22.57, 22.58

Law of Radioactive Decay: 22.74, 22.75

Applications of Radionuclides: 22.77, 22.79

Nuclear Energy: 22.85

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